In aviation, what does "turbulence" often indicate?

Turbulence in aviation refers to the irregular or violent movement of air that can cause an airplane to shake or move unexpectedly during flight. This phenomenon is typically caused by a variety of factors, such as weather patterns, atmospheric pressure changes, or the presence of obstacles like mountains. When turbulence is present, it indicates that the aircraft is encountering roughness in the air, leading to a less stable flight experience for both passengers and crew.

In contrast, calm weather conditions would not produce turbulence and would instead allow for smoother flights. Changes in altitude may relate to how pilots can navigate around or through turbulence, but they do not directly define what turbulence is. A stable flight path would also imply a lack of turbulence, as it suggests consistent and level flight without significant disruptions in the air. Understanding turbulence and its implications is crucial for flight attendants, as it directly affects passenger comfort and safety during flight.